Ichthyological terms, not general ones.
A group of organisms sharing homologous features, believed to have evolved from a common ancestor following the principles of cladistics; a monophyletic group; a grouping hypothesised on the basis of phylogenetic information.
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At, towards or constituting a base; primitive. Opposite of derived. In cladistics, used to in reference to a clade within which other clades are nested.
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In cladistics, used to refer to a clade located within a larger clade.
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A derived character state of a clade; a feature novel to a species and its descendants.
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Taxonomical method used to classify species of organisms into clades, each of which contains an ancestor organism and all its descendants, based on synapomorphies (shared derived characters). Cladistic classifications are usually presented in the form of a cladogram.
Used in reference to a taxonomic group containing all descendants of a single, often hypothetical, common ancestor, often characterised by one or more synapomorphies. A clade is a monophyletic group.
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Development of similar forms or traits in related, but separate, species descending from the same ancestor, but occupying different clades.
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In phylogenetics, a paraphyletic taxon is, loosely, an artificial grouping that does not include all descendants from the common ancestor of its members; monophyletic group from which one or more of clades is omitted in order to form an additional group.
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In cladistics, a character or trait shared by two or more taxonomic groups but derived from a remote or much earlier common ancestral form and therefore cannot be used to define a clade. Also known as an ancestral state and generally appears at the base level of a cladogram.
Used in 2 profiles