Corydoras condiscipulus
Etymology
Corydoras: from the Ancient Greek κόρυς (korus), meaning ‘helmet’, and δορά (dora), meaning ‘skin, hide of an animal’, in allusion to the rows of bony plates on the flanks of genus members.
condiscipulus: from the Latin condiscipulus, meaning ‘schoolmate’, in reference to this species occurring in sympatry with the similar-looking congener C. oiapoquensis.
Classification
Order: Siluriformes Family: Callichthyidae
Distribution
Native to the Oyapock (Oiapoque) river system in French Guiana and Amapá state, Brazil.
Type locality is ‘Cumuri Creek, at left bank of Oyapock River, upstream of first rapids of Grande Roche, French Guiana’.
Habitat
Recorded throughout much of the Oyapock system and often occurs in sympatry with the congener C. oiapoquensis (see ‘Notes’).
Maximum Standard Length
55 – 65 mm.
Aquarium SizeTop ↑
Base dimensions of 90 ∗ 30 cm or equivalent are recommended for long-term care.
Maintenance
Ideally use a substrate of fine sand, although rounded gravel is an acceptable alternative provided it’s kept scrupulously clean.
Other décor is largely down to personal choice, but some cover should be provided to give the fish security.
Water Conditions
Temperature: 20 – 26 °C
pH: 6.0 – 7.5
Hardness: 36 – 215 ppm
Diet
Corydoras spp. are foraging omnivores and will accept most sinking dried foods, as well as small live and frozen varieties such as bloodworm, Tubifex, etc.
Feeding a varied diet will ensure the fish are in optimum condition.
Under no circumstances should they be expected to survive on ‘left-overs’ from other inhabitants of the aquarium or relied on to ‘clean’ the aquarium.
Behaviour and CompatibilityTop ↑
Peaceful and gregarious. Should be maintained in a group of at least 4-6 individuals.
Sexual Dimorphism
Females tend to grow larger, and sexually mature individuals are noticeably rounder and broader-bodied than males, especially when gravid.
NotesTop ↑
This species occurs alongside the similar-looking congener C. oiapoquensis in nature, from which it can be told apart by the following combination of characters: larger adult size; narrower body (body breadth fits 4.0-4.4 times in standard length vs. 3.4-3.8 times in C. oiapoquensis); shorter pectoral spine (3.4-3.8 times in SL vs. 2.7-3.2 times); longer snout (1.7-1.9 times in SL vs. 2.0-2.2).
The genus Corydoras is among the largest catfish groups and currently contains over 150 valid species.
It is included in the family Callichthyidae, of which members are often referred to collectively as ‘armoured’ or ‘mailed’ catfishes group due to the presence of bony plates in place of scales on the body.
Their taxonomy can be confusing, and numerous undescribed species are also thought to exist.
Fish of unconfirmed identification entering the aquarium hobby are therefore typically assigned a ‘C‘ or ‘CW‘ number for purposes of reference and organisation.
They are facultative air breathers and possess a modified, highly vascularised intestine which has evolved to facilitate uptake of atmospheric oxygen and aid survival in oxygen-deprived environments. In the aquarium you’ll occasionally see them rising to the surface to take in gulps of air.
The stiffened pectoral-fin spines are capable of piercing human skin and a ‘sting’ can be very painful indeed, so care should be exercised when handling them.
It is thought that secretions from the axillary glands at the base of each spine may even be mildly toxic or venomous.
References
- Nijssen, H. and I. J. H. Isbrücker, 1980 - Netherlands Journal of Zoology 30(3): 494-503
Three new Corydoras species from French Guiana and Brazil (Pisces, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae). - Ferraris, C. J., Jr., 2007 - Zootaxa 1418: 1-628
Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types. - Fuller, I. A. M., and H-G. Evers, 2005 - Verlag A.C.S. GmbH: 1-384
Identifying Corydoradinae Catfish. - Reis, R. E., S. O. Kullander, and C. J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds) , 2003 - EDIPUCRS, Porto Alegre: i-xi + 1-729
Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. CLOFFSCA.
