Rüdiger Rautenberg with an alternative look at aquarium heating and how following the ‘rules’ may be costing you money…

Rüdiger Rautenberg on a cheap filtration method deserving of greater exposure… The HMF (Hamburger Matten Filter) is apparently not all that well known outside mainland Europe, or so I’ve been told. I cannot speak for the whole of Europe but in Germany it is certainly a widespread and well-loved method of filtering fish tanks and […]

What are the basic ways of heating an aquarium? Along with filtration, heating is among the most important considerations for fishkeepers. The majority of freshwater species that we keep in our aquaria are found geographically in the area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn (23° north and south of the equator […]

Mark G N Ferguson breaks down an essential process. 1. Sources of Ammonia 2. Sources of Bacteria 3. How to Cycle 4. The Science Bit