Known only from the Ataran River system in Kayin state, Myanmar.

The Ataran forms the headwaters of part of the larger Salween drainage, and some of its tributaries extend across the nearby border into Thailand, where it’s known as the Kasat.

Type locality is ‘Stream ”Chon Son’ between Kyondaw and Phadaw, about 20 kilometers north…

All members of the family Auchenipteridae are thought to practise internal insemination and females can carry mature, unfertilised eggs and sperm packets inside the body for unspecified periods of time.

When conditions are satisfactory fertilisation is triggered and the eggs deposited, and there is n…

The genus Centromochlus is diagnosable by members having the proximal anal-fin radials enlarged and fused to each other at the base, forming a single ossified structure.

It’s sometimes included in the putative subfa…

This unidentified species was originally traded under the C-numbers C115 and C116 but these two are now thought to represent the same species, while fish collected from Manú National Park and sold as C. sp. ‘Manu 1 long nose’, C. sp. ‘Manu 4’, C. sp. ‘Manu 7’, and C. sp. ‘Manu 8’ may represent this species as well.

It’s highly variable in terms of colour patter…

This species is relatively common in the aquarium hobby but is not easy to maintain and recommended only for experienced aquarists.

It can be told apart from all congeners by specimens larger than 60 mm SL possessing an extended pectoral-fin spine forming an extremely long filament that may be more than four times the length of the first branched pectoral-fin ray (vs. not possessing such a filament in other species of Lamontichthys).

Supposedly exported from the upper Amazon region in Peru but precise details are lacking.

It’s unclear whether this unidentified species is conspecific with the similarly nameless congener L266 or not.

Wild specimens are probably omnivorous foragers but with a preference for aquatic invertebrates and suchlike.

In the aquarium it does best when offered a varied diet comprising sinking dried foods, frozen Daphnia, mosquito larvae, chironomid larvae (bloodworm), and prawn/shrimp, for, example, plus some fresh fruit, parboiled potato, etc.

Not difficult to maintain under the correct conditions; we strongly recommend keeping it in a tank designed to simulate a flowing stream with a substrate of variably-sized rocks, sand, fine gravel, and some water-worn boulders.

This can be further furnished with driftwood branches, terracotta pipes, plant pots, etc., arranged to form a network of nooks, crannies, and shaded spots, thus providing broken lines of sight.

This species can be distinguished from all congeners except P. bachi and some specimens of P. furcata by possessing only faint spots and saddles on the body.

It can be told apart from P. bachi by possession of narrow (vs. wide) pelvic-fin spines, having the eyes positioned high (vs. low) on the head, and distinctly round (vs. appearing more as a mottling) spots on the body.

Mostly collected in the in the rio Negro basin, Amazonas state, Brazil, and in particular the rio Demini, a northern tributary flowing into the central Negro in the municipality of Barcelos.

P. leopardus was described from the Rupununi River in Guyana and the identity of this fish thus remains unconfirmed.

This ‘species’ is also traded simply as ‘leo…