Probably restricted to western and southern Thailand and northern Peninsular Malaysia plus some small surrounding islands.

In Thailand records exist from Surat Thani (Ko Samui island), Nakhon Si Thammarat, Ranong, Trang, Phuket, Ratchaburi, Kanchanaburi, and Mae Hong Son provinces while in Peninsular Malaysia it’s been collected from Perak and Kedah states, including th…

D. ashmeadi is the type species and exhibits differences in dental morphology compared with other members of the genus. It can also be told apart from D. halei by the red/pink (vs. orange) colouration in the dorsal and anal fins and serrated (vs. smooth) dorsal spine. D. schroederi is also similar-looking but as it matures the prominent dark dorsal blotch fades to a thin dark distal band whereas in D. ashmeadi it is retained throughout life.

This species is frequently confused with the congener D. aequipinnatus auct. but their identitities are in a state of confusion, particularly that of the latter. There are however a handful of characters which separate these two nominal species from one another.

D. malabaricus possesses a moderately deep body, 35-38 scales in the lateral se…

B. rosea is a relatively recent addition to the aquarium trade but has proved very popular since it’s colourful, hardy and usually quite cheap making it ideal for beginners. It’s sometimes sold as ‘purple passion danio’.

It’s very similar to B. albolineata sensu stricto but differs in several characters, notably the relatively slimmer body, shorter rostral barbels and lack of…

Typically inhabits small forest streams. In the Yan Khaw Chaung (Yan Khaw stream) it occurs alongside Devario xyrops, Garra rakhinica, G. vittatula, Xenentodon cancila, Sicyopterus fasciatus and unidentified species of Lepidocephalichthys and Channa (Fang and Kullander, 2009).

When sampled during the dry season the habitat consisted of nothing more than a series of small, interconnected po…

At least two similar-looking fishes have been available in the aquarium trade; one, usually referred to as ‘Danio sp redfin’, resembles the striped form of B. kyathit but is a smaller fish and the red pigmentation in the fins is comparatively more intense. The other is also striped with red fins but grows larger; it’s usually labelled as ‘Danio sp. KP01′ or ‘Burmese zebra danio’. It remains unclear whether these are regional variants of B. kyathit or undescribed species.

Appears endemic to southern Borneo. The type specimens were collected from the Jelai Bila river basin at Nataik Sedawak, presumably a settlement of some kind, near the town of Sukamara in the Indonesian province of Kalimantan Tengah (Central Kalimantan). Its range extends westwards from the Jelai Bila watershed whereas that of the congener B. brigittae, with which it may occur sympatrically there (see ‘Notes’), extends east.

Bung Khong Long is a lake and confirmed locality in Nong Khai province, Thailand. Aquatic plant species in the lake and surrounding floodplain include Hydrilla verticillata, Ceratophyllum dermersum, Chara zeylanica and Blyxa echinosperma. Salvinia cucullata is found floating on the surface and emergent plants comprise Eleocharis dulcis, Nelumbo nucifera, Lepironia articulata and Nymphaea lotus.

In the Barak River drainage, which flows through the north-east Indian states of Nagaland and Assam before bifurcating at the Bangladesh border, symaptric species include Barilius bakeri, B. barna, B. bendelisis, B. dogarsinghi, Laubuca laubuca, Esomus danricus, Devario aequipinnatus, D. annandalei, D. devario, Rasbora daniconius, R. rasbora,…

Within the genus Boraras this species is most similar to B. naevus, though in the latter the red body colouration does not extend into the head. The two also differ in the following characters: anteriormost lateral blotch of comparable size in both sexes in B. maculatus vs. significantly larger in male than female B. naevus; 9-10 + 9 principal caudal-fin rays vs. 9 + 8; 26-29 lateral scales vs. 24-26; i.6.i. pelvic-fin rays vs. i.5.i.