Additonally, fin patterning in B. albimarginata, except the pectoral fins, consists of a broad white distal band, broad dark submarginal band with sharp outer margin and less sharp inner margin, and a plain red inner portion, while in B. channoides the dorsal fin is almost entirely red with only a thin white distal band and the dark submarginal band in the caudal fin does not extend into the uppermost portion of the fin. Base body colouration tends towards a brick-red shade in displaying male B. albimarginata, scarlet in B. channoides (pers. obv.).

This hypothetically-undescribed species appears to be a member of the Betta unimaculata complex of closely-related species within the genus, of which members share the following set of characters: body long and slender with depth at dorsal fin origin 18-25 % SL; head large and blunt with width 19-24 % SL; long maxilla and lower lip with distance from tip of lower jaw to posterior end of maxilla 27-54 % HL; caudal-fin rounded in shape, occasionally with elongated median rays; pelvic-fin short and filamentous; dorsal and anal fins relatively pointed.

This species is included in the Betta unimaculata complex of closely-related species within the genus, of which members share the following set of characters: body long and slender with depth at dorsal fin origin 18-25 % SL; head large and blunt with width 19-24 % SL; long maxilla and lower lip with distance from tip of lower jaw to poste…

This species is traded under several names of which others include ‘Samurai gourami’ and ‘Samurai Zebra Chocolate Gourami’. Though the former of these is arguably the most common, these names are potentially misleading since the fish is neither especially combative nor from Japan.

Its unique colour pattern makes it difficult to confuse with any of the three other members of the genus even in the abse…

This species is traded under several names of which others include 'sharp-nosed gourami', 'moonlight chocolate gourami', 'black-lined chocolate gourami' and 'black-tailed chocolate gourami', though it's far from common in the hobby. Its unique colour pattern makes it difficult to confuse with any of the three other members of the genus even in the absence of meristic data.

This species is sometimes traded under the names 'mini chocolate gourami', 'Burmese chocolate gourami' or mislabelled as the congener P. ocellatus, these two currently comprising the only known members of the genus.

P. lineatus can be told apart from P. ocellatus via the following combination of characters: smaller body size (maximum standard length 18.7 mm vs. 32.0 mm); absence of ocellus-type marking in middle of each flank (vs. presence); presence of dark, stripe (vs. abs…

This appears to be an undescribed species, and has only been available to the aquarium hobby in limited numbers to date. The rather long-winded trade name derives from the fact that it was initially marketed as two different species, i.e., B. sp. ‘Sengalang’ and B. sp. ‘Palangka’. The spelling of the latter was later corrected but the fish may still be seen with either or both names attached.

It looks very similar to fis…

B. burdigala is exceptionally rare in the hobby with many fishes traded or pictured as such being B. uberis or other congener. It’s included in the Betta coccina group/complex of closely-related species within the genus. This assemblage mostly comprises small, red-coloured fishes with the exceptions of B. persephone and B. miniopinna which are darkish. Identifying some of the red ones correctly is not always easy as the patterning in them can be both similar and confusingly variable.

The genus Betta is the most speciose within the family Osphronemidae with almost 70 recognised members and looks set to grow further with new ones continuing to be described on a regular basis since the turn of the century. Member species have successfully adapted to inhabit a variety of ecological niches from stagnant ditches to flowing hill streams including some extreme environments such as highly acidic peat swamp forests.

The type locality is a stream in a forest swamp with dense growth of Barclaya motleyi at intervals, part of which had been turned over to cultivation of rubber trees in 1997. The water depth varied between 5-80 cm, pH was 5.8 and syntopic species included ‘Puntius‘ banksi, Rasbora einthoveni, Trigonopoma pauciperforatum, Hemirhamphodon pogonognathus, Betta pugnax, Sphaerichthys osphromenoides, Trichogaster trichopterus, Channa gachua and C. lucius.