Results for “pair”

At time of writing there exists no scientific evidence that the different populations of this species seen in the aquarium trade (see 'Distribution') represent anything other than a single, widely-distributed species although some exibit minor morphological differences including relative body depth, longer fin rays in the unpaired fins and yellow or orange colouration in the paired fins. There is apparently a form from the upper rio Negro which may turn out to be distinct but it's...

This species is sometimes confused with B. juruense, especially when juvenile, but can be told apart quite easily by it's more well-defined colour pattern, relatively slender body shape and longer barbels. It was described in the genus Meredontotus, but is currently included in Brachyplatystoma based on a pair of synapomorphies shared by memb...

There are 2 other species that superficially resemble C. septentrionalis. These are C. simulatus and C. amapaensis. Simulatus differs from septentrionalis by the absence of the third set of small, upper (rictal) barbels, situated behind the other two pairs in both septentrionalis and amapaensis. Amapaensis differs in that it has a clear caudal fin. This fin is noticeably barred in septentrionalis....

This species can be identified from similar-looking congeners by possession of a pair of small rictal barbels. Its colour pattern can vary considerably depending on collection locality, with some forms having been misidentified as other species in the past. Those possessing a dark marking on the sides of the body are sometimes referred to as Corydoras sp. 'olga'.

Given its wide natural range it seems logical that this species is or has been available in the aquarium trade, although its correct name may never have been applied. It is told apart from congeners by the following combination of characters: two pairs of barbels; a continuous midlateral stripe from the tip of the snout to the base of the caudal-fin, with a conspicuous small blotch at the posterior extremity, faintly marked on the caudal-fin; a faint mark between the anus and the anal-fin origin in juveniles; a narrow mouth.

It can be distinguished from congeners by possessing one or two pairs of barbels, a black blotch at the base of the caudal-fin, and rows of dark spots along the lateral scale rows. Members of Cyclocheilichthys are characterised by possessing a serrated dorsal fin spine, 9 branched pelvic fin rays, a conical snout, small, subterminal...

This species is available in the trade on occasion and has been sold as Danionella sp. 'neon green' or 'flourescent green'. The specific name was inspired by its jaw morphology which according to current knowledge is unique among cypriniform fishes. Both upper and lower jaws contain a series of toothlike odontoid processes; these are only rudimentary in females but in males appear to form rows of teeth of which the front pair is large and fang-like. The upper fangs project th...

This species is poorly known and first appeared in the hobby during 2005 but has rarely been seen since, probably because its natural waters lie outside the range of most commercial collectors. It can be distinguished by a combination of characters including: lateral line complete; infraorbital process absent; two pairs of short barbels; 8-9 branched dorsal fin rays; 12-13 branched anal fin rays; P stripe originating above pelvic fin and extending to en...

Confusion with similar-looking fishes from other genera, such as Garra cambodgiensis, laterally-striped Crossocheilus spp. or Gyrinocheilus aymonieri is not uncommon, and are largely attributable to the use of trade names such as 'false flying fox' or 'Siamese flying fox'. When compared with the other species E. kalopterus exhibits several unique characters but perhaps the simplest way to identify it is by the characteristic white-edged, red and black coloured fins and the presence of two pairs of barbels.

G. kalpangi is distinguished from other Garra species from the Himalayan foothills by the following combination of characters: two pairs of barbels; a weakly developed proboscis represented by a squarish area anterior to the nostrils; 16 circ...

G. rakhinica can be distinguished from other members of the genus by the following combination of characters: rostral furrow shallow and snout tip smoothly rounded; rostral lobe present, proboscis absent; scaled predorsal region, chest, and abdomen; two pairs of barbels; 28 lateral line scales; 16 circumpeduncular scale rows; colour pattern almost uniform greyish on body and caudal-fin; a dark spot immediately posterior to the upper extremity of the...

In fact G. farragus and G. ocellatus represent one of 12 pairs of cryptospecies to be found in the genus, differing in subtle aspects of patterning. Cryptospecies are defined as morphologically similar, but reproductively isolated species which in fishes often inhabit adjacent river basins but in some cases occur sympatrically. The phenomenon may be a result of parallel evolution, and is not normally considered to represent an early stage of speciation.

Juvenile specimens of this species are readily confused with those of other members of the 'G.' brasiliensis species group, but adults are easily-distinguished by their relatively smaller adult size and comparative lack of reflective blue scales on the body and head. The genus Geophagus was rediagnosed by Kullander (1986) who restricted it to include only those species with paired caudal extensions to the swi...

The reason that the paired fins are orientated vertically, as opposed to horizontally in other members of the genus, is unclear but Roberts (1989) suggest it may be an adaptation to this species' ecology, in that it displays a preference for submerged vegetation or woody structures as opposed to rocky environments. They're certainly adapted for a rea...

Julidochromis are commonly known as "Julies" in the hobby. As with other Julies, large water changes should be avoided as this can cause mated pairs to turn on one another. There is some speculation as to whether this species has been placed in the correct genus. It has a different shape to other Julidochromis, having a pointed snout. It also exhibits different patterning, with blue edging to the dorsal and anal fins, and the horizontal stripes are very dark in colour. Furthermore i...

Julidochromis are commonly known as "Julies" in the hobby. This particular species may also be seen for sale as the Chequered Julie. A truly characterful cichlid exhibiting quirky behaviour, it will swim hugging the rock surfaces no matter what the angle is. As with other Julies, large water changes should be avoided as this can cause mated pairs to turn on one another. Several geographical morphs are available. However, no two species or morphs of Julidochromis should be kept togethe...

Julidochromis are commonly known as "Julies" in the hobby. This is one of the most common Julie species encountered in aquaria and may also be sold as the Yellow or Ornate Julie. The majority of specimens available are tank bred and do not exhibit as bright colouration as wild fish. As with other Julies, large water changes should be avoided as this can cause mated pairs to turn on one another. Several geographical morphs of this species are available, as is an aquarium sport albino...

Julidochromis are commonly known as "Julies" in the hobby. Despite being the largest species of Julie this is actually the least aggressive member of the genus. As with other Julies, large water changes should be avoided as it can cause mated pairs to turn on one another. J.regani may also be seen for sale labelled as Striped Julie or Convict Julie. Several geographical morphs are available. Apparently, the yellower of these are found in shallower water with the darker forms inhabit...

An incredibly hardy species, M. albus has the ability to travel over land for short distances if kept moist and as mentioned above, often burrows into moist earth (sometimes up to a depth of 1.5 metres!) in order to survive dry conditions. It has only a single gill slit, located on the bottom of the throat, that allows it to trap air in its specially adapted gills. These contain an accessory breathing organ, which takes the form of a pair of lung-like sacs at the rear of the gill chamber. In thi...

This species can be distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: body depth fits 2.5-2.7 times in SL; 28-31 +2-3 lateral line scales; 14-16 circumpeduncular scale rows; 5-5½ scale rows between the lateral line and dorsal-fin origin; a triangular distal blotch on the dorsal-fin; a few body scales with crescent-shaped black edges; a thin dark margin on the dorsal-fin, posterior to the distal blotch; a dark posterior margin on the caudal-fin; normally a single pair of rudimentary barbels present.