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Ctenopoma kingsleyaeTailspot Ctenopoma
authority not recorded
Max length250mm SL10in SLTanknot recordedTemp25–28°C77–82°FpH6.0–8.0This species can be exceptionally long-lived and there are reports of specimens surviving in aquaria for over 30 years. It is named after the explorer Mary Kingsley, and often goes by the common name of Kingsley's climbing perch. While Ctenopoma are closely related to the Asian climbing perch (Anabas sp.), they are not known to have the ability to cross areas of land like this species. Like others in the suborder Anabantoidei, the species possesses an accessory breathing organ known as t...

Geophagus argyrostictus
Kullander, 1991
Max length180mm SL7in SLTank150 × 45cm60 × 18inTemp26–30°C79–86°FpH6.0–7.5This species is relatively rare in the hobby but sometimes available from specialist retailers or private breeders. Though described in 1991 it was first collected much earlier and misidentified by Gosse (1976) as G. surinamensis. It's one of just five Geophagus species not to be included in the nominal G. surinamensis 'group' of closely-related species within the genus along with G. gottwaldi, G. grammepareius, G. harreri an...

'Geophagus' iporangensis
Haseman, 1911
Max length100mm SL3.9in SLTank120 × 30cm48 × 12inTemp20–26°C68–79°FpH6.0–7.0Juvenile specimens of this species are readily confused with those of other members of the 'G.' brasiliensis species group, but adults are easily-distinguished by their relatively smaller adult size and comparative lack of reflective blue scales on the body and head. The genus Geophagus was rediagnosed by Kullander (1986) who restricted it to include only those species with paired caudal extensions to the swi...

Geophagus taeniopareius
Kullander & Royero, 1992
Max length150mm SL6in SLTank150 × 45cm60 × 18inTemp24–30°C75–86°FpH5.5–6.8This species is relatively rare in the hobby but sometimes available from specialist retailers or private breeders. Though described in 1992 it was first collected much earlier and has been in the hobby since the late 1970s, being known as 'Wangenstrich-Erdfresser' (cheek-stripe eartheater) in Germany. It's one of just five Geophagus species not to be included in the nominal G. surinamensis 'group' of closely-related species within the genus along with G. argyrostictus, G. gottwaldi, G. grammepareius and G. harreri.
Trematocranus placodonSnail-Crusher Hap
authority not recorded
Max length250mm SL10in SLTank150 × 38cm60 × 15inTemp24–28°C75–82°FpH7.6–8.8An ideal species for the larger Malawian community but one not often seen for sale. In nature, it is a molluscivore, feeding primarily on snails. It has specially developed pharyngeal teeth, which can crush and grind the shells of these animals with ease. Several other species were originally assigned to the genus but currently, only 3 species of Trematocranus exist, most having been reclassified as Aulonocara or Alticorpus....
Acanthicus adonisPolka Dot Lyre Tail Pleco
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1988
Max length1000mm SL39in SLTank600 × 200cm236 × 79inTemp23–30°C73–86°FpH6.0–7.5Despite its patent unsuitability as an aquarium subject attractively-coloured juvenile specimens of this species are traded in quite large numbers, although the scarcity of privately-maintained adults would suggest that most fail to reach their potential. The striking, spotted patterning also disappears as this species matures, and since it also becomes increasingly bellligerent with age it can only be recommended to owners of the largest private aquaria or tropical ponds. There exists an albino...

Acanthicus hystrixL155
Spix & Agassiz, 1829
Max length1000mm SL39in SLTank600 × 200cm236 × 79inTemp23–30°C73–86°FpH6.0–7.5Despite its patent unsuitability as an aquarium subject attractively-coloured juvenile specimens of this species are traded in quite large numbers, although the scarcity of privately-maintained adults would suggest that most fail to reach their potential. The striking, spotted patterning also disappears as this species matures, and since it also becomes increasingly bellligerent with age it can only be recommended to owners of the largest private aquaria or tropical ponds. There exists an albino...

Anatolichthys danfordiiDanford's Toothcarp
Boulenger, 1890
Max length50mm SL2.0in SLTank120 × 30cm48 × 12inTemp10–30°C50–86°FpH7.0–8.5This species has something of a confused history having been previously been considered synonymous with both A. sophiae and A. fasciatus. Another species, A. chantrei is still listed as valid by some sources but is now known to be a junior synonym of A. danfordii. This became clear during a 1999 study in which the type specimens of A. danfordii were found to be indistinguishable from the Aphanius population living in the Sultan Swamps, the type locality of A. chantrei. You're unlikely t...

Ancistrus triradiatusHorned Bristlenose Pleco
Eigenmann, 1918
Max length120mm SL5in SLTanknot recordedTemp24–30°C75–86°FpH6.6–7.6Often confused with the common bristlenose, Ancistrus sp. (3) and some other members of the genus. This species is imported quite often, but unlike sp. (3) is almost always wild caught. So similar are some of these species that a definite id is sometimes impossible without knowing the collection locality of the fish. When buying Loricariids always check that the fish has a rounded belly and that its eyes aren't sunken, as these are classic signs of emaciation in newly imported specimens...

Apistogramma agassiziiAgassizi's Dwarf Cichlid
Steindachner, 1875
Max length♂ 75 · ♀ 50mm SL♂ 3.0 · ♀ 2.0in SLTank60 × 30cm24 × 12inTemp22–29°C72–84°FpH3.0–4.0Numerous ornamental forms of this species have been selectively-bred for the aquarium trade, some of which include. It has also been assigned the 'A' number A234 under the DATZ system with possibly conspecific, related forms similarly numbered A235, A236, A237, A238, A239, A240, A241 and A242 depending on locality. The genus Apistogramma is among the most speciose of South American cichlid genera with around 70 species valid at present but many more awaiting description. In addition ...

Apistogramma eunotus
Kullander, 1981
Max length♂ 55 · ♀ 40mm SL♂ 2.2 · ♀ 1.6in SLTank45 × 30cm18 × 12inTemp23–29°C73–84°FpH5.5–7.0The genus Apistogramma is among the most speciose of South American cichlid genera with around 70 species valid at present but many more awaiting description. In addition many species exist in two or more geographical colour forms which may or may not turn out to be distinct in the future. Hobbyists tend to label these with collection data if available in order to avoid mixing them and the potential of hybridisation.

Apistogramma hongsloi
Kullander, 1979
Max length60mm SL2.4in SLTank45 × 30cm18 × 12inTemp23–29°C73–84°FpH5.5–7.0The genus Apistogramma is among the most speciose of South American cichlid genera with around 70 species valid at present but many more awaiting description. In addition many species exist in two or more geographical colour forms which may or may not turn out to be distinct in the future. Hobbyists tend to label these with collection data if available in order to avoid mixing them and the potential of hybridisation.

Apistogramma trifasciataThree-striped Apisto
Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903
Max length♂ 55 · ♀ 40mm SL♂ 2.2 · ♀ 1.6in SLTank45 × 30cm18 × 12inTemp20–25°C68–77°FpH5.0–7.0This species is assigned the 'A' number A204 under the DATZ system with possibly conspecific, related forms coded A205 or A206 depending on collection locality and representing populations from Argentina and the rio Guaporé, respectively. The genus Apistogramma is among the most speciose of South American cichlid genera with around 70 species valid at present but many more awaiting description.

Badis kyar
Kullander & Britz, 2002
Max length60mm SL2.4in SLTank60 × 30cm24 × 12inTemp15–25°C59–77°FpH7.0–9.0Like most badids B. kyar is poorly documented in aquarium literature and has yet to find significant popularity in the hobby, though given its restricted natural distribution it is unlikely ever to be available in large numbers. The fish in our image is a specimen included in the only batch of this species known to have been exported to date. This species has a very slender body shape (which may be an adaptation to its habitat) and in this respect is similar to B. pyema. However B. kyar possesse...

Betta enisae
Kottelat, 1995
Max length60mm SL2.4in SLTank45 × 30cm18 × 12inTemp21–24°C70–75°FpH5.5–7.0This species is included in the B. pugnax complex of closely-related species within the genus, an assemblage of which members are notoriously difficult to tell apart from one another, but which can be characterised collectively by the following set of shared characters: relatively large head measuring 28-40% SL; live colouration usually brown with green or blue iridescent spots; male with similarly-coloured scales on opercle, sometimes extending to abdomen; juveniles and females usually brown with two central body stripes and a dark marking on the caudal peduncle; anal-fin in mature specimens pointed and often elongated; caudal-fin lanceolate.

Celestichthys chopraeGlowlight 'Danio'
Hora, 1928
Max length30mm SL1.2in SLTank80 × 30cm31 × 12inTemp16–26°C61–79°FpH6.0–8.0C. choprae has only been available since 2003 but has quickly established itself as one of the most popular small danios in the hobby. There has been some confusion regarding the correct spelling of the specific name with many resources listing it incorrectly as "choprai". Briefly, when Hora described the species he named it after a man, Dr B. N. Chopra, meaning that "choprai" is technically correct as under ICZN rules the specific name ought to follow the gender of the indiv...
Cetopsis coecutiensBlue Whale Catfish
authority not recorded
Max length265mm SL10in SLTank120 × 45cm48 × 18inTemp22–26°C72–79°FpH6.0–7.4An infrequently seen but very interesting oddball species for those who are looking for something a little different. To others, it might appear to be a rather nasty species. In the wild, it swims in voracious feeding groups. Apparently, it can home in on weakened or distressed fish as it has a very well developed sense of smell. Other specialisations include the tiny eyes and particularly slimy skin. The former are reduced in size and covered by a thin layer of skin so they are less likely to b...

Corydoras cruziensisSanta Cruz Cory
Knaack, 2002
Max length50mm SL2.0in SLTank80 × 30cm31 × 12inTemp20–28°C68–82°FpH6.0–8.5This species is not well-documented but is said to differ from the comparable C. punctatus by possessing larger dark markings on the body which may form an irregular midlateral stripe in some specimens. Unfortunately diagnostic characters cannot be provided since we’ve been unable to obtain the type description, and little has been written about the species since it was published.
Corydoras geryi
authority not recorded
Max length70mm SL2.8in SLTank60 × 38cm24 × 15inTemp22–26°C72–79°FpH6.0–7.2There are currently over 180 described species of Corydoras (commonly shortened to "cory"), making it one of the most speciose of all South American fish genera. There are also loads of undescribed species, many of which have been assigned a "C number" for identification purposes. This is a very simple system of numbering and is similar to the L number scheme used to identify undescribed Loricariids. Both systems were implemented by the German aquarium magazine DATZ (Die Aqua...
Corydoras leucomelasBlackfin Cory
Eigenmann & Allen, 1942
Max length55mm SL2.2in SLTank90 × 30cm36 × 12inTemp22–26°C72–79°FpHnot recordedThere are currently over 180 described species of Corydoras (commonly shortened to "cory"), making it one of the most speciose of all South American fish genera. There are also loads of undescribed species, many of which have been assigned a "C number" for identification purposes. This is a very simple system of numbering and is similar to the L number scheme used to identify undescribed Loricariids. Both systems were implemented by the German aquarium magazine DATZ (Die Aqua...