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Betta simplex KOTTELAT, 1994

March 13th, 2012 — 1:18pm

B. simplex is included in the Betta picta group/complex of closely-related species within the genus, an assemblage comprising species with the following shared characters: unpaired fins rounded (anal-fin sometimes tapering to a blunt point); anal-fin rays I-III, 18-24; dark marginal band on anal and caudal fins, more pronounced in mature males; presence of pre-orbital and post-orbital stripes; presence of chin bar on throat; iridescent green, gold, or blue scales on opercle.

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Betta pugnax (CANTOR, 1849)

March 13th, 2012 — 1:18pm

It can be told apart from other members of the B. pugnax group by the following characters: chin bar present; no complete second postorbital stripe on opercle; presence of transverse bars in caudal-fin of males; caudal-fin in males broadly lanceolate; opercle scales iridescent blue; anal-fin with reddish subdistal band and black margin; caudal-fin without dark margin; 25-28 anal-fin rays; 28-31 lateral scales; 11-12 postdorsal scales; length of pelvic fins 26.6-43.8 % SL; length of head 27.5-35.2 % SL; inter-orbital width 32.4-53.0 % HL.

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Betta picta (VALENCIENNES, 1846)

Spotted Betta

March 13th, 2012 — 1:18pm

This species lends its name to the Betta picta complex of closely-related species, an assemblage of which members share the following combination of characters: unpaired fins rounded (anal fin sometimes pointed): I-III, 18-24 anal-fin rays; anal and caudal fins with dark distal margins, most pronounced in mature males; pre- and post-orbital stripes present; chin bar present; opercle with iridescent blue, green, or gold scales.

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Betta imbellis LADIGES, 1975

Crescent Betta

March 13th, 2012 — 1:18pm

B. imbellis is included in the Betta splendens complex of closely-related species within the genus, of which members share the following set of characters: head length short 22-31 % SL; often a brightly-coloured body; iris of the eye with iridescent green or blue patches; body elongate or slender; opercles parallel when head viewed dorsally; caudal-fin rays red or brown and contrasting with the iridescent interradial membranes; unpaired fins without an irides…

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Betta coccina VIERKE, 1979

Scarlet Betta

March 13th, 2012 — 1:18pm

B. coccina can be told apart from other members by the following combination of characters: iridescent green lateral blotch present in male, absent in female; body dark red in colour; no parallel vertical iridescent gold opercle bars; pelvic fin falcate with black filamentous tip, remainder red; median fins with discrete iridescent green spots; dorsal fin-rays 9-12; anal-fin rays 27-29; subdorsal scales 7-8; lateral scales 31-32; predorsal scales 18-21.

The genus Betta is the most speciose within the family Osphronemidae with almost 70 reco…

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Betta bellica SAUVAGE, 1884

Slender Betta

March 13th, 2012 — 1:18pm

This species lends it name to the B. bellica group/complex of closely-related species within the genus, an assemblage of which members share the following set of characters: long and slender body with dorsal and ventral margins almost parallel; body depth 23-28 % SL; 30-33 anal-fin rays; 11-13 dorsal-fin rays; 32-34 total vertebrae; body dark brown in colour with iridescent green markings on each individual scale.

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Cyphotilapia frontosa (BOULENGER, 1906)

Humphead Cichlid

March 13th, 2012 — 1:18pm

Populations of C. frontosa from different localities are often labelled as such in order to maintain accuracy and preserve pure bloodlines. The majority possess 6 vertical bands on the body with the exception of the form from Kigoma on the eastern side of the lake, which has 7. Forms referred to as ‘Blue Zaire’ are sometimes misidentified as C. frontosa but are representative of its congener C. gibberosa.

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'Geophagus' steindachneri EIGENMANN & HILDEBRAND, 1922

Red Hump Eartheater

March 13th, 2012 — 1:18pm

This species lends its name to the ‘G.steindachneri, an assemblage of closely-related species with unresolved generic placement which currently also includes ‘G.crassilabris and ‘G.pellegrini. It exists in a number of colour forms which vary with locality, some of which may eventually be described as separate taxa. Some of these may appear on trade lists under the synonym Geophagus hondae.

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Satanoperca daemon (HECKEL, 1840)

Threespot Eartheater

March 13th, 2012 — 1:18pm

S. daemon is relatively common in the aquarium trade but is by no means easy to maintain, with particular attention to space, diet, water quality, and chemistry required in order for it to thrive.

It can be distinguished from other members of the genus by possessing two dark blotches on the flank and a prominent ocellus at the caudal-fin base. Among the named species it is most similar to…

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